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【一】:2007年1月研究生学位英语真题(附完整参考答案)
2007-1
PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points)
Section A (0.5 point each) innovation will eventually dry up.
A. investment B. resource C. inspiration D. stimulus
22. These illegal immigrants have to work long hours a day despite the working conditions.
A. bewildering B. exasperating C. dismaying D. upsetting
23. Many critics agreed that this movie was a success in terms of acting and photography.
A. all at once B. by and by C. to some extent D. on the whole A. optimistic B. anxious C. uncertain D. scared A. enhanced B. revised C. alternated D. modified A. arisen from B. contributed to C. patched up D. participated in
27. Experts said the amount of compensation for sick smokers would be reduced if cooler jurors A. resigned B. compromised C. persisted D. dominated chiefly agricultural.
A. inclined B. struggled C. argued D. competed
A. on occasion B. at present C. by now D. for sure
families.
A. briefly B. quickly C. accurately D. earnestly
Section B (0.5 point each)
31. New York probably has the largest number of different language _________ in the world.
A. neighborhoods B. communities C. clusters D. assemblies
32. Nuclear wastes are considered to _____ a threat to human health and marine life.
A. compose B. impose C. expose D. pose
33. Some states in the US have set _____ standards concerning math and science tests.
A. energetic B. vigorous C. rigorous D. grave
34. This school promised to make classes smaller and offer more individualized ___________.
A. presentation B. instruction C. conviction D. obligation
35. Because of ______ ways of life, the couple has some difficulty getting along with each other.
A. incomprehensible B. incomparable C. inconceivable D. incompatible
36. As __________ China and other emerging export powers, efforts to strengthen anti-corruption activities are gaining momentum.
A. in the light of B. in the event of C. in the case of D. in the course of
37. According to an Australian research, moderate drinkers ________ better thinkers than heavy drinkers or those who never drink.
A. end up B. take up C. put up D. turn up
38. Strangely enough, an old man ______ me and introduced himself, who turned out to be a friend of my father’s.
A. stood up to B. walked up to C. lived up to D. added up to
39. Many children often _____ why airplanes can fly like birds while we humans cannot.
A. assume B. anticipate C. assure D. wonder
40. The FDA was created to _______ the safety of products, review applications and grant approvals.
A. manipulate B. adjust C. regulate D. manage
PART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)
Tall people earn considerably more money throughout their lives than their shorter co-workers, with each inch adding about US$789 a year in pay, according to a new study. "Height career success," says Timothy Judge, a University of Florida professor of management, who led the study. "These findings are troubling since, with a few , such as professional basketball, no one could argue that height is something essential required for job ," Judge points out.
Judge analyzed results of four large-scale studies in the US and Britain that followed thousands of people from childhood to adulthood, examining details of their work and personal lives. "If you take this the course of a 30-year career, we're talking about literally hundreds of thousands of dollars of earnings that a tall person enjoys," Judge said.
Greater height boosted both subjective ratings of work performance--a supervisor's of how effective someone is-- and measures of performance--such as sales volume. Being tall may boost self-confidence, improving performance. Other people may also give higher and greater respect to a tall person, giving them
an edge in negotiating states, he says.
. Maybe from a time when humans lived among animals and size was power and strength used when making "fight or run" decisions.
41. A. makes out B. works in C. takes on D. matters for
42. A. cases B. exceptions C. examples D. problems
43. A. performance B. operation C. condition D. environment
44. A. on B. with C. over D. to
45. A. deficiency B. advantage C. loss D. necessity
46. A. imagination B. decision C. judge D. evaluation
47. A. relative B. absolute C. objective D. initiative
48. A. state B. status C. situation D. statue
49. A. origins B. sources C. courses D. organizations
50. A. a time in B. a hold on C. a work at D. a sign of
PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)
Passage One
At the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), a student loaded his class notes into a handheld e-mail device and tried to read them during an exam: a classmate turned him in. At the University of Nevada at Las Vegas (UNLV) students photographed test questions with their cellphone cameras and transmitted them to classmates. The university put in place a new examination-supervision system. "If they'd spend as much time studying, they'd all be A students," says Ron Yasbin, dean of the College of Sciences of UNLV.
With a variety of electronic devices, American students find it easier to cheat. And college officials find themselves in a new game of cat and mouse. They are trying to fight would-be cheats in the exam season by cutting off Internet access from laptops, demanding the surrender of cellphones before tests or simply requiring that exams be taken with pens and paper.
"It is annoying. My hand-writing is so bad," said Ryan Dapremont, 21 who just finished his third year at Pepperdine University in California. He had to take his exams on paper. Dapremont said technology has made cheating easier, but plagiarism (剽窃) in writing papers was probably the biggest problem. Students can lift other people's writings off the Internet without attributing them.
Still, some students said they thought cheating these days was more a product of the mindset, not the tools at hand. "Some people put too much emphasis on where they're going to go in the future, and all they're thinking about is graduate school and the next step," said Lindsay Nicholas, a third-year student at UCLA. She added that pressure to succeed "sometimes clouds everything and makes people do things that they shouldn't do."
Some professors said they tried to write exams for which it was hard to cheat, posing questions that outside resources would not help answer. Many officials said that they rely on campus honor codes. They said the most important thing was to teach students not to cheat in the first place.
51. One student at UCLA was found cheating ________________.2007年研究生英语试卷。
A. when he was loading his class notes into a handheld e-mail device
B. when he was trying to tell the answers to his classmates
C. after the university put in place a new examination-supervision system
D. after his classmate reported his cheating to the authority
52. According to Ron Yasbin, all the cheating students _____________.
A. should be severely punished for their dishonesty
B. didn't have much time to study before the exam
C. could get the highest grades if they had studied hard enough
D. could be excused because they were not familiar with the new system
53. To win the new game of cat and mouse in examinations, the college officials have to______________.
A. use many high-tech devices
B. cut off Internet access on campus
C. turn to the oral exanimation forms
D. cut off the use of high-tech devices
54. According to Ryan Dapremont, ______________.
A. examinations taken with pens and paper were useless in fighting cheating
B. his examination paper was under-graded because of his bad hand-writing
C. cheating was more serious in writing papers than in examinations
D. it was more difficult for him to lift other people's writings off the Internet
55. Which of the following is probably the most Significant measure to fight cheating?
A. Putting less emphasis on where the students are going to go in the future.
B. Letting students know that honesty is more important.
C. Writing examinations for which it is hard to cheat.
D. Setting up more strict campus honor codes.
56. The best title of the passage might be_____________.
A. Cheating Has Gone High-tech
B. Game of Cat and Mouse
C. A New Examination-supervision System
D. Measures to Fight Against Dishonesty
Passage Two
Top marathon runners tend to be lean and light, star swimmers are long thighs with huge feet and gold medal weightlifters are solid blocks of muscle with short arms and legs. So, does your physical shape--and the way your body works--fit you for a particular sport? Or does your body develop a certain way because of your chosen sport?
"It's about 55:45, genes to the environment," says Mike Rennie, professor of clinical physiology at Britain's University of Nottingham Medical School. Rennie cites the case of identical twins from Germany, one of whom was a long-distance athlete, the other a powerful sportsman, so, "They look quite different, despite being identical twins."
Someone who's 1.5-meters tall has little chance of becoming an elite basketball player. Still, being over two meters tall won't automatically push you to Olympic gold. "Unless you have tactical sense where needed, unless you have access to good equipment, medical care and the psychological conditions, and unless you are able to drive yourself through pain, all the physical strength will be in vain," said Craig Sharp, professor of sports science at Britain's Brunel University.
Jonathan Robinson, an applied sports scientist at the University of Bath's sports development department, in southwest England, points to the importance of technique. "In swimming only 5-10 per cent of the propelling force comes from the legs, so technique is vital."
Having the right physique for the right sport is a good starting point. Seventeen years ago, the Australian Institute of Sport started a national Talent Search Program, which searched schools for 14-16-year-olds with the potential to be elite athletes. One of their first finds was Megan Still, world champion rower. In 1987, Still had never picked up an oar in her life. But she had almost the perfect physique for a rower. After intensive training, she won gold in women's rowing in the 1996 Atlanta Olympics.
Other countries have followed the Australian example. Now the explosion of genetic knowledge has meant that there is now a search, not just for appropriate physique but also for "performance genes."
57. It can be concluded from the passage that__________.
A. physical strength is more important for sportspersons' success
B. training conditions are more important for sportspersons' success
C. genes are more important for sportspersons' success
D. psychological conditions are more important for sportspersons' success
58. The case of identical twins from Germany shows that_________.
A. environment can help determine people's body shape
B. genes are the decisive factors for people's body shape
C. identical twins are likely to enjoy different sports
D. identical twins may have different genes for different sports
59. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by Craig Sharp as a required quality for a sportsperson to win an Olympic gold medal?
A. The physical strength.
B. The right training conditions.
C. The talent for the sports.
D. The endurance for pains.
60. Seventeen years ago Megan Still was chosen for rowing because____________.
A. she had the talent for rowing
B. her body shape was right for a rower
C. she had the performance genes
D. she was a skillful rower
61. The word "elite" in Paragraph 5 means ________ .
A. the most wealthy
B. the most skilled
C. the most industrious
D. the most intelligent
62. The elite athletes of the future may come from people who naturally possess___________.
A. the best body shapes and an iron purpose
B. the extremes of the right physique and strong wills
C. the right psychological conditions and sports talents
D. the right physique and genes for sports
Passage Three
For years, a network of citizens' groups and scientific bodies has been claiming that science of global warming is inconclusive. But who funded them?
Exxon's involvement is well known. ExxonMobil is the world's most profitable corporation. It makes most of its money from oil, and has more to lose than any other company from efforts to tackle climate change. To safeguard its profits, ExxonMobil needs to sow doubt about whether serious action needs to be taken on climate change. But there are difficulties: it must confront a scientific consensus as strong as that which maintains that smoking causes lung cancer or that HIV causes Aids. So what's its strategy?
The website Exxonsecrets.org, using data found in the company's official documents, lists 124 organizations that have taken money from the company or work closely with those that have. These organizations take a consistent line on climate change: that the science is contradictory, the scientists are split, environmentalists are liars or lunatics, and if governments took action to prevent global warming, they would be endangering the global economy for no good reason. The findings these organizations dislike are labeled "junk science". The findings they welcome are labeled "sound science".
This is not to claim that all the science these groups champion is . On the whole, they use selection, not invention. They will find one contradictory study - such as the discovery of tropospheric (对流层的) cooling - and promote it relentlessly. They will continue to do so long after it has been disproved by further work. So, for example, John Christy, the author of the
【二】:2007年考研英语试题及答案
2007年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million1 of these nations looked 2 to the future. Born in the crisis of the old regime and Iberian Colonialism, many of the leaders of independence 3 the ideals of representative government, careers 4 to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the 5 to private property, and a belief in the individual as the basis of society. 6 there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a 7 set of laws.
On the issue of 8 of religion and the position of the church, 9, there was less agreement 10 the leadership. Roman Catholicism had been the state religion and the only one 11 by the Spanish crown. 12 most leaders sought to maintain Catholicism 13 the official religion of the new states, some sought to end the 14 of other faiths. The defense of the Church became a rallying 15 for the conservative forces.
The ideals of the early leaders of independence were often egalitarian, valuing equality of everything. Bolivar had received aid from Haiti and had 16 in return to abolish slavery in the areas he liberated. By 1854 slavery had been abolished everywhere except
Spain’s 17colonies. Early promises to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed origin came much 18 because the new nations still needed the revenue such policies19. Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was 20 self-rule and democracy.
1. [A] natives
[B] inhabitants
[C] peoples
[D] individuals
2. [A] confusedly
[B] cheerfully
[C] worriedly
[D] hopefully
3. [A] shared
[B] forgot
[C] attained
[D] rejected
4. [A] related
[B] close
[C] open
[D] devoted
5. [A] access
[B] succession
[C] right
[D] return
6. [A] Presumably
[B] Incidentally
[C] Obviously
[D] Generally
7. [A] unique
[B] common
[C] particular
[D] typical
8. [A] freedom
[B] origin
[C] impact
[D] reform
9. [A] therefore
[B] however
[C] indeed
[D] moreover
10. [A] with
[B] about
[C] among
[D] by
11. [A] allowed
[B] preached
[C] granted
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