李学义

来源:百科 时间:2018-08-02 08:00:06 阅读:

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第一篇李学义:上海交通大学药学院李学义课题组2015年11月招聘讲师公告


教师招聘网权威发布上海交通大学药学院李学义课题组2015年11月招聘讲师公告,更多上海交通大学药学院李学义课题组2015年11月招聘讲师公告相关信息请访问教师招聘网。
因工作需要,药学院李学义课题组招聘讲师一名招聘岗位:讲师招聘人数:1名招聘条件研究生学历,博士学位年龄在40岁以下,身体健康,热爱科研工作,勤奋,富有责任心,具有良好团队合作精神在海外著名大学获得生物化学、分子生物学、细胞生物学、神经生物学或其他相关学科的博士学位,且在海外著名大学或研究机构有相应的博士后研究工作经历或已获得相关职位具有良好的英文阅读和写作能力。具有指导和培养研究生研究工作的能力岗位职责完成学校及学院规定的各项教学、科研及服务社会等任务参加科学研究,参与课题申请、执行、项目开发、论文及专利写作等科研任务根据工作需要,指导本科生及研究生的课题设计、实验培训、论文写作及毕业答辩等工作参与实验室团队建设和管理工作承担学院及团队负责人分配的其他教学科研及学科建设工作岗位待遇按学校统一规定执行其他点击“应聘此岗位”,网上提交应聘材料。招聘人员将主要从事神经系统疾病的发病机制研究,研究内容集中于胞内运输,利用多种手段揭示再循环内体膜动态学变化的分子机制;基于基础研究中所发现的重要调控内体运输的蛋白因子应用新型基因改造手段建立人类疾病动物模型,并探索相关疾病干预新手段。

第二篇李学义:你看到雅思阅读中的那些these了吗?


雅思网权威发布你看到雅思阅读中的那些these了吗?,更多你看到雅思阅读中的那些these了吗?相关信息请访问雅思考试(IELTS)网。
在雅思阅读考试中,有很多考生都有这样的体验,明明反应定位很准确,但是却找不到答案。这种情况是多方面原因造成的,但对代词的忽视是一个重要原因。很多考鸭没有注意到代词的指代作用,从而导致用时过多,答对率下降。新东方在线致赢雅思李学义老师将在本文中通过剑桥雅思真题中活生生的案例,大家支招一眼看见雅思阅读中的那些these。
首先,我们来看一下剑桥6P91的Q17。
As a result, factors such as 17_______ and attitudes to children have been eliminated ...
文中出现了我们非常熟悉的and结构,找到attitudes基本上距离答案就不远了。另外,并列结构 such as 前的factors,以及部分考鸭不太熟悉的eliminated,也具有提示作用。回到原文定位。
Now a long-term study carried out in Nicaragua has eliminated these factors by showing that teaching reading to poor adult women, who would other wise have remained illiterate, has a direct effect on their children"s health and survival.
我们找到了factors和eliminated, 但既没有找到and结构,也没找到attitudes。不少考鸭会习惯性继续向下寻找,进而距离答案越来越远。这里,我们忽视掉了非常重要的一个代词these。它用来指代前面的结构,也暗示前面出现了我们需要的factors。我们只需向前看一句,便轻松得到了答案。
Most literate women learnt to read in primary school, and the fact that a woman has had an education may simply indicate her family"s wealth or that it values its children more highly.
我们会发现两个并列结构 and和or, 而题目中and 后跟的‘attitudes to children ’与这句话中‘it values its children more highly ’做了同义转述,所以答案应为or前方的 family’s wealth,选项J即为答案。这里attitude 的同义转述无形中增加了难度,即使大家先于定位句看到这句话也不容易得到答案。但是,有了these的提示,并谨记‘代词向前看’这一原则,相信答案就会乖乖地到碗里来。
同样的案例也出现在了剑桥8的P29,请大家自行完成。
Positive results could be produced by factors such as 34 ………… or 35 ………….
原文: Just because chance had been ruled out as an explanation did not prove telepathy must exist; there were many other ways of getting positive results. These ranged from "sensory leakage" - where clues about the pictures accidentally reach the receiver - to outright fraud. In response, the researchers issued a review of all the ganzfeld studies done up to 1985 to show that 80 per cent had found statistically significant evidence. However, they also agreed that there were still too many problems in the experiments which could lead to positive results, and they drew up a list demanding new standards for future research.
我们发现,上面的案例还仅仅局限于两句之间的代词指代作用,但如果大家的认识仅仅局限于此,就太小看代词these了。下面咱们再看一个例子,这个题目是来自剑桥9P21的Q14,为文章的B段选标题。
原文:
B
In discussing whether we are alone, most SETI scientists adopt two ground rules. First, UFOs (Unidentified Flying Objects) are generally ignored since most scientists don’t consider the evidence for them to be strong enough to bear serious consideration although it is also important to keep an open mind in case any really convincing evidence emerges in the future. Second, we make a very conservative assumption that we are looking for a life form that is pretty well like us, since if it differs radically from us we may well not recognize it as a life form, quite apart from whether we are able to communicate with it. In other words, the life form we are looking for may well have two green heads and seven fingers, but it will nevertheless resemble us in that it should communicate with its fellows, be interested in the Universe, live on a planet orbiting a star like our Sun, and perhaps most restrictively, have a chemistry, like us, based on carbon and water.
我已经非常善良地为大家划出了体现此段结构的关键提示,但当你看到选项‘iv. Assumptions underlying the search for extra terrestrial intelligence ’时,不知是否有绝对把握选择它。在非常短的时间内选出这个答案还是需要实力的,而且不少考鸭即使选中此选项也不是特别确定,心理上的波动对下面的题目也会有一定影响。但是当我们看到C段首句‘Even when we make these assumptions, our understanding of other life forms is still severely limited.’时,我们会非常自信地选出答案iv。这里,these assumptions 对上一段信息做了概括,可见these的强大。同样的案例在剑桥7P70的Q14也有所体现,只不过将B段首句中的techniques替换为了iv.选项中的methods罢了。
实际上,在代词家族中this、that、they、those等都有类似用法,有心的考鸭可以在平时的学习中做个有心人,留意观察,并谨记‘代词向前看’的原则,相信这些起到指代作用的代词会在大家夺取雅思阅读高分的路上助大家一臂之力。另外,在雅思写作中合理使用代词起到暗连接作用也是备受考官亲睐的,大家不妨试一下。
以上就是你看到雅思阅读的一些小技巧,最后,新东方在线致赢雅思祝所有备战雅思的同学都能取得理想成绩。
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第三篇李学义:雅思阅读:如何利用上义词和下义词快速解题


雅思网权威发布雅思阅读:如何利用上义词和下义词快速解题,更多雅思阅读相关信息请访问雅思考试(IELTS)网。
众所周知,同义替换是雅思阅读必不可少的考查方式,派生词替换、同义词或同义词词组以及反义词的否定形式是大多数学员比较熟悉的,但上义词替换下义词却是很多同学的死穴。下面我们就一起跟着新东方在线致赢雅思李学义老师一起来分析一下上义词与下义词在雅思阅读中的应用。
上义词与下义词是一组相对概念,范围大的词汇为上义词,而其下属的具体例子为其下义词。比如说,学科subject和化学chemistry就是一对明显的上义词和下义词。上义词与下义词的概念弄明白后,咱们还要熟悉雅思阅读考查这类替换的方式,简而言之,就是‘题上文下’,也就是说上义词会出现在题干中替换原文中的下义词。其实,原因很简单,雅思阅读的命题人是根据原文中的具体信息来命题的,用范围较大的上义词subject来替换原文中更为具体的chemistry就顺理成章了。下面咱们就通过多组题目来见识一下上义词与下义词在雅思阅读各种题型中的应用。
首先,我们来看一道判断题,选自C5-P42-Q13 Bakelite was only available in a limited range of colours.本题定位原文最后一段难度不大,但很多同学把最后一段看了一遍又一遍,还是没有结果。大家也不妨试一下。原文如下:
Baekeland"s invention, although treated with disdain in its early years, went on to enjoy an unparalleled popularity which lasted throughout the first half of the twentieth century. It became the wonder product of the new world of industrial expansion - "the material of a thousand uses,. Being both non-porous and heat-resistant, Bakelite kitchen goods were promoted as being germ-free and sterilisable. Electrical manufacturers seized on its insulating properties, and consumers everywhere relished its dazzling array of shades, delighted that they were now, at last, no longer restricted to the wood tones and drab browns of the pre-plastic era. It then fell from favour again during the 1950s, and was despised and destroyed in vast quantities. Recently, however, it has been experiencing something of a renaissance, with renewed demand for original Bakelite objects in the collectors" marketplace, and museums, societies and dedicated individuals once again appreciating the style and originality of this innovative material.
实际上,此题就运用了上义词替换下义词这一伎俩。我们可以通过colours 定位到原文这样的信息‘ no longer restricted to the wood tones and drab browns of the pre-plastic era’。也就是将colours替换了文中大部分学员比较熟悉browns。由于看出limit与restrict的替换难度并不大,那么此题与原文中no longer矛盾,选FALSE也就很轻松了。
其实,不仅仅是判断题,在填空题中的应用也让不少学员尝到很多苦头。我们再看一个例子,选自C6-P29-Q40 ...........produce is particularly expensive. 此题在原文中的定位难度也不大,很多学员都定位了如下的原文内容。
Provisions available in local shops have to be flown into Nunavut on one of the most costly air networks in the world, or brought by supply ship during the few ice-free weeks of summer. It would cost a family around 7,000 a year to replace meat they obtained themselves through hunting with imported meat.
但是,具体答案定位哪一句,很多同学犯了难,原文中根本就没有与答案最为密切的produce。我们再仔细分析一下,原来题干中的produce (农产品)可以替换原文中meat,答案也就是imported了。在这里,我只能说不熟悉这种命题思路的烤鸭被害惨了。
其实,相比以上两种题型,上义词与下义词在段落信息配对题的出现频率更高。比如,C9-P93-Q18:
reference to a possible link between culture and a particular form of behaviour, 其中‘a particular form of behaviour’替换了原文H段的‘a struggle over toy’, 再比如C9-P43-Q5: a list of medical conditions which place some children more at risk from noise than others,其中‘medical conditions’替换了原文D段的 ‘hearing impairment, autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit disorders (ADD/ADHD)’。
我们发现,题干中的名词可能会作为上义词来考查,回原文定位时需要留意该词的具体化概念,并谨记‘题上文下’的替换原则。
最后,希望大家能够将我分享的这个解题方法运用到平时的解题练习中去,我相信,经过不断练习,你很快就会在征服雅思阅读的道路上多了一项新技能,新东方在线致赢雅思组全体老师也祝愿备战雅思考试的同学取得理想的成绩!(作者:新东方在线致赢雅思 李学义老师)

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