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【篇一】:北京中英文介绍
Beijing 北京
Beijing is the capital of China and a fascinating mixture of the old and new. With an area of 16,808 sq. kilometers, it is today the political, cultural and administrative center of the People's Republic of China which was founded in 1949, the home of more than 13.8 million citizens and the seat of government.
1 北京作为中国的首都是一个新旧交融，魅力无限的地方。今天的北京占地16,808平方公里，是中华人民共和国（建于1949年）的政治、文化和行政管理的中心，是1,380多万北京市民的家园和中央政府的所在地。
2 Beijing has been in existence as a settlement for more than 3,000 years, although the remains of "Peking Man" show that human life existed in this part of China half a million years ago. It has been a center of power under the Mongols, the Ming, the Manchu and now the People's Republic of China for a period spanning almost seven hundred years.
2 尽管“北京人”的遗骨表明早在50万年以前已有人类生存于此，北京作为人类的居住地已超过了3000多年。它是蒙古、明朝、满族直到现在的中华人民共和国的权力中心，跨越了近700年的历史。
3 Being one of the few inland capitals of the world not built on a major river, it owes its long preeminence to its strategic geographical
position. Lying on the northwestern fringe of the Great North China Plain, Beijing serves as a gateway to the Inner Mongolian steppes in the north, the Shanxi plateau in the west and, through the easternmost pass of the Great Wall at Shanhaiguan, to north-east China.
3 作为世界上少数未傍主要河道而建的内陆首都之一，北京将自己长期显赫的历史归功于战略性的地理位置。由于它位于中国华北平原的西北端，北京是向北进入内蒙古大草原，向西进入山西高原和穿过长城最东部的山海关，进入东北的门户。
4 Beijing first achieved prominence during the Warring States Period (476 BC—221 BC), when it became the capital of the Kingdom of Yan and was called Ji (meaning "reeds", because of the marshy nature of the terrain). The Mongolian emperor, Kublai Khan, renamed it Dadu (great capital) when he made it the base for his Yuan Dynasty (1271—1368), but the first emperor of the succeeding Ming Dynasty moved his court to Nanjing (Nanking), where it remained until the third emperor returned the royal seat to Beijing.
4 北京第一次繁盛是在战国时期（公元前476-221），那时它是燕国的首都，又称冀（意思是“芦苇”，因为当时四周是沼泽地）。当蒙古皇帝—忽必烈，将元朝（公元后1264）建都于此时，改名为大都（伟大的首都），但是随后明朝的第一位皇帝迁都至南京，直到第三位皇帝时期才又迁到北京。
5 Hence the name, Beijing, meaning "northern capital", was used as opposed to Nanjing, which means "southern capital". Since then, Beijing has always been the capital of the nation, except for a brief period during the civil war in the first half of this century, when Chiang Kai-shek's commanding army again moved the government to Nanjing.
5 北京因此而得名，意指“北部京都”，与南京，即“南部京都”相对。从那以后，北京一直是首都，除了本世纪上半叶，国内战争这段时期，蒋介石执掌军队，将政府迁往了南京。
6 It was from the rostrum in Beijing's Tian'anmen Square that, on October 1, 1949, the late Chairman Mao Zedong formally proclaimed the founding of the People's Republic of China.
6 1949年10月1日，在天安门城楼上，已故的毛泽东主席正式宣布中华人民共和国的成立。
7 The historic Tian'anmen rostrum is not only the symbolic heart of China, but also the key to Beijing. The whole city radiates out from it — or more exactly, from the grand royal compound of the Forbidden City — the old imperial palace — on the northern side of the square. The original city of Beijing was planned and for a time developed in such a way that the Forbidden City remained at the true center of the capital. Old meets new everywhere in Beijing — the ancient Forbidden City is overlooked by skyscrapers, the famous Great Wall pass north of the city
proper is now surrounded by car parks, the centuries-old observatory stands next to a motor flyover, old court houses are dotted with glittering supermarkets, broad tar-paved avenues are flooded by millions of bicycles, ringing an echo of jingle bells, and damp underground tombs of the bygone emperors are illuminated by electric lighting.
7 具有历史意义的天安门城楼，不仅是中国心脏的象征，更是北京的中心。整座城市由此辐射展开，或者更确切地说，由广场北面辉煌的皇家宫殿，即古老的紫禁城皇宫展开。北京古城把紫禁城作为首都的实质上的中心，并在一段时期内按这种规划进行城市的开发。新旧交汇在北京随处可见——古老的紫禁城仰视座座摩天大厦，位于城市北面著名的八达岭长城环抱于停车场之中，存在数世纪之久的烽火台紧挨着机动车立交桥，古老的四合院点缀着灯火炫目的超市，宽阔的柏油马路汇成了自行车的海洋，铃声此起彼伏，而阴湿的地下帝王陵墓也灯火通明。
【篇二】:天安门广场英文导游词
¡¡¡¡ Tian¡¯anmen Rostrum ¡¡¡¡ Tian¡¯anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center of Beijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of Heavenly Succession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian¡¯anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five ¨Croom deep. According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign. ¡¡¡¡ During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian¡¯anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps: ¡¡¡¡ 1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony) ¡¡¡¡ 2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), to Tian¡¯anmen Gate tower. ¡¡¡¡ 3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed. ¡¡¡¡ 4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites. ¡¡¡¡ 5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country. ¡¡¡¡ Such a process was historically recorded as ¡° Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix¡±. ¡¡¡¡ During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian¡¯anmen was the most important passage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities. 1 2 3 4 5
【篇三】:天安门中英文导游词
北京天安门中英文导游词
Tian’anmen Rostrum
Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center of Beijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of Heavenly Succession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps:
1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony)
2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), to Tian’anmen Gate tower.天安门广场中英文简介。
3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed.
4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites.天安门广场中英文简介。
5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country.
Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.
On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Park), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park was formerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.
The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.
The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called
Gongshengqiao( common Bridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.
The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway. In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament.
The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendary animal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour. He was doing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside the palace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for their complaints or return in due time. Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were given the names” Wangjunhui”( Expecting the emperor’s coming back) and “ wangjunchu”( Expecting the emperor’s going out) respectinvely.
In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant for important occasions. The two rows of chaofang( antechamber), on the sides behind the main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the government waiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperial administration.
On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrum the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Since then Tian’anmen has been the symbol of New Chine\a. Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples of the World”. Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world. The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history. It offers a panoramic view of the Square and the city proper. Tian’anmen Square
Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares( 109 acres) that can accommodate as many as one million people for public gatherings. It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history and is a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day on May 1st and national Day on October 1st.
Around the Square are several famous buildings:
1 The Great Hall of the People
This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. Built in 1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center, a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacity of 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National Peoples’ Congress of China in the south. In addition, thirty-four reception chambers are named after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly unde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao. Each is different from the other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features.
2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution
These two museums were also built in 1959. the museum of Chinese History houses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process of Chinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919:
1) The Primitive Society( 1.7 million years ago to the 21st century BC);
2) The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.);
3) The Feudal Society(475 BC. To 1840 AD.);
4) The Semi-Colonial and Semi- Fedual Society(1840 to 1919.)
The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to 1949.
3 The Monument to the People’s Heroes
the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for the revolutionary cause of the Chinese people. Its construction began on August 1, 1952 and was not completed until 1958. in the form of an obelisk, the Monument as made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. The purple piece inlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong Province. It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in the country. Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it is an artistic work of excellent architectural value.
On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinese characters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to the People’s Heroes!”. On the back of the Monument is an article written by Chairman Mao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late Premier Zhou Enlai.
At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of such flowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, and fortitude. At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting the Chinese historic events since 1840. They are:
1) The Burning of Opium in 1840:天安门广场中英文简介。
2) The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi;
3) The Revolution of 1911;
4) The May Fourth Movement of 1919;
5) The May 30th Movement of 1925;
6) The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi;
7) The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945;
8) The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the Peoples’s Liberation Army in 1949. This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplying the Front” and “ Greeting the P.L.A.”. 4 Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum
Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the People’s Pepublic of China, passed away on Sepember 9, 1976. In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum began to be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the following year. The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 1977.
The mausoleum is surrounded by four groups of sculpture. East of the northern entrance is the sculpture depicting the period of the New Democratic Revolution( 1919-1949), and west of it is the one signifying the great achievements of the Chinese people during the period of slcialist revolution and construction since 1949. The sculptures in front of the southern gate are figures of workers, peasants soldiers, intellectuals, technicians and children.
Inside the Mausoleum are three main sections: A white marble statue of Chairman Mao is mounted on a platform in the front lobby. On the wall behind the statue is a 24-metre-long( 79-foot-long) tapestry, a fine needlepoint work with beautiful landscapes of the country.
In the main hall there is a crystal coffin, in which Chairman Mao’s body lies stately with the
Communist Party’s flag covering over him.
On the wall of the southern lobby, a poem by Chairman Mao and in his own calligraphy is inscribed in gold inlay. It expresses his full great expectations for the country.
Tian’ anmen Square has now completed its renovation after eight months’ hard work to welcome the 50th anniversary of the People’s Republic in 1999.
各位游客朋友：
我们我们现在已经来到了天安门广场。大家可以看一下，我们现在的位置是在天安门广场南北方向的中轴线上，距我们南面的人民英雄纪念碑大约有100米左右的距离。 我们今天在天安门广场游览的时间是30分钟。
大家向我这里聚一下，我先给大家简要介绍一下天安门广场的主要景观。 （手势，向北指）大家先向这边看。（稍停顿，待游客目光集中于手指方向）我爱北京--天-安-门。一会儿，我会向大家详细介绍天安门的的沧桑历史。除了天安门城楼外，我还要向您介绍天安门前的金水桥、以及桥前的华表和石狮。 大家回一下头，您看到了，这就是庄严挺拔的人民英雄纪念碑了，随后我也将向您讲一讲她的故事。纪念碑南边的建筑就是"毛主席纪念堂"，我们今天的行程没有安排大家瞻仰毛主席遗容，如果您有意去的话，可以告诉我，我会尽量满足您的愿望。 天安门广场东侧的建筑是中国革命历史博物馆，这里陈列了大量珍贵的革命历史文物。和她相对着的，（手势，向西指）西边的这座建筑，就是非常著名的"人民大会堂"。关于她，一会儿我也会向您做详细介绍。
好好好，大家现在可以在广场上拍照留念。拍照前我给大家提个醒，大家尽量避免站在这条中轴线上拍照，旗杆可能会影响您的拍摄效果。另外，大家如果在纪念碑前拍照的话，建议您到纪念碑的那一侧去拍，在这边是逆光，会影响照片的效果。给大家10分钟时间，拍完照请到这里集合，我在这里等大家.
下面我首先为大家介绍一下天安门城楼。 天安门原为明清两代皇城的正门，始建于明永乐十五年（1417），最初叫做承天门，取"承天启运，受命于天"之意。清顺治八年（1651年）重修而改名天安门，含"受命于天"和"安邦治民"的意思。至今已有580多年的历史了，是全国重点文物保护单位。 天安门城楼，建筑在巨大条石砌成的须弥座式城台上，造型庄重浑厚，宏伟典雅，是中国传统建筑艺术的典型代表作之一。城楼通高34.7米。城台上的大殿宽九楹（62.77米），进深五楹（27.25米），象征封建帝王的"九五"至尊。大殿为重檐歇山式，朱墙黄琉璃瓦顶。南面设有菱花隔扇门、窗36扇，殿内外立有直径2米的巨柱60根，天花、斗拱、梁枋等处、均绘满了最高等级的金龙和玺彩画，金碧辉煌，极为雄伟壮观。
1988年的元旦，天安门城楼正式对外向游客开放。 在天安门高大的暗红城墙中辟有五个券洞门，明清时代，这里的门、桥行走规制森严，中门为皇帝进出专用。皇帝每年冬至往天坛祭天，夏至去地坛祭地，孟春赴先农坛耕籍田，都要出入天安门。那么，在当时，是不是只有皇帝一人才能进出中门呢？这位朋友答的对，不是。大家知道还有什么人可以走这里吗？（稍做停顿）让我来告诉大家。此外，皇帝的父母可从中门入宫；皇帝大婚，皇后可从中门进入一次；新科状元等"金殿传胪"后，可从中门出宫一回。除此之外，严禁任何人进出，否则是要治重罪的。中门左右的两座旁门，供宗室王公和三品以上文武百官通行。过去天安门是座只进喜，不出丧的吉祥之门
好好天安门的设计者是蒯（kuǎi）祥。蒯祥是江苏吴县人，明初洪武年间生于木匠家庭，他的父亲是一位有名望的木工师傅，能主建大型工程。蒯祥受父亲影响，从小学艺，勤奋好学，聪慧过人，三十来岁时，已成为才华出众的木工匠师了。 燕王朱棣，也就是后来的永乐皇帝，经"靖难之役"取得帝位后，决定从南京迁都北京。永乐四年至十八年（1406-1420），明成祖朱棣调集全国各地的能工巧匠前来北京营建工程巨大、难度极高的天安门（初名承天门）等宏伟建筑。蒯祥以高超的设计方案和精湛的建筑技艺，被推选为皇宫工程的建筑设计师。当时人们尊称他为"蒯鲁班"。蒯祥曾担任建筑皇家宫殿的官吏，直至工部左侍郎等官职，为中国的民族建筑艺术创下了光辉的业绩。
天安门是明清两朝历代帝王"金凤颁诏"的重地，凡遇国家庆典、新帝即位、皇帝结婚、册立皇后，都需要在此举行"颁诏"仪式。届时于城楼大殿前正中设立宣诏台。由礼部尚书在紫禁
【篇四】:北京景点中英文简介
北京旅游景点大全,北京旅游景点介绍(一)
1、 北京天安门广场与人民英雄纪念碑
门票·开放时间：
免费5:00～22:00，22:00后广场清场
交通概况：
公交1、2、5、7、9、10、17、20、22、44、48、53、54、59、110、120、309支、特1、特2、特3、特4、703、726、729、742、803、808、819、826、848、859、922路可以到达。地铁1号线天安门东、天安门西，2号线前门站。
景点简介：
饱经500余年风雨沧桑的天安门广场是当今世界上最大的城市广场。它坐落在中华人民共和国首都北京的市中心，故宫的南侧，与天安门广场隔长安街相望，是明、清两代皇城的大门。
2、 北京故宫博物院
门票·开放时间：
淡季40元；旺季60元; 珍宝馆10元; 钟表馆10元10月16日至4月15日，08：30—16：30，4月16日至10月15日，各推迟半小时。
交通概况：
公交1、4、5、10、20、52、101、103等多路公交车可达；乘一线地铁天安门东站、天安门西站下，从天安门广场步行前往即可。
景点简介：
故宫位于北京市中心，也称“紫禁城”。这里曾居住过24个皇帝，是明清两代（公元1368～1911年）的皇宫，现辟为“故宫博物院”. 。故宫的整个建筑金碧辉煌，庄严绚丽，被誉为世界五大宫之一（北京故宫、法国凡尔赛宫、英国白金汉宫、美国白宫、俄罗斯克里姆林宫），并被联合国科教文组织列为“世界文化遗产”。 故宫的宫殿建筑是中国现存最大、最完整的古建筑群
故宫宫殿是沿着一条南北向中轴线排列，三大殿、后三宫、御花园都位于这条中轴线上。并向两旁展开，南北取直，左右对称。这条中轴线不仅贯穿在紫禁城内，而且南达永定门，北到鼓楼、钟楼，贯穿了整个城市，气魄宏伟，规划严整，极为壮观。
站在高山上看故宫，根本看不到一个窗户，是为了防止刺客找路。大门前有两个铁缸，是防火的，里面盛满了水。
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