【www.zhuodaoren.com--百科】
what(一)
what的用法与高考
what的用法与高考
一.what作为疑问代词的用法:
1. 对年级、班级、排号、号码等提问时要用 what ，并与名词 grade 、 class 、 row 、 number 等连用。如： What number are you？ 你是几号呢？
2. 对某事物或某人的姓名提问时常用 what .如： What is your name？ 你叫什么名字？
3. 对算式的得数进行提问时用 what .如： What is three plus four？ 三加四等于几？
4. 询问“某物有何毛病”或“某人怎么了”常用 what .如： What's wrong with your bike？ 你的自行车出什么毛病了？
5.what 与 colour 构成 what colour 来询问颜色。如： What colour is your coat？ 你的上衣是什么颜色？
6.与名词 number 连在一起用来询问汽车或电话号码等。如： What number is Mr Green's car？ 格林先生的车牌号是多少？
7.对职业进行提问时，用 what ，其句式为“ What + do / does + 主语 + do ”或“ What + be + 主语？”。例略。
8.询问“某地有什么”用 what ，其后多接“ be + 介词短语”。如： What's on the wall？ 墙上有什么？
9. 询问具体的时间（几点几分）常用 what time .如： What time is it？ （= What's the time？） 现在几点了？
10.对价格提问时用 what .如： What's the price of these apples？ 这些苹果多少钱？
11. 询问“星期几”时，常用 what 与 day 一起提问。如： What day is today？ （What day is it today？） 今天星期几？
12.征求意见或询问对方消息时常用 what about .如： What about something to drink？ 来点喝的怎么样？
13. 用来询问对某人或某物的看法时，用“ What … think of …”，译为就是“……认为……怎么样？”如：
—What do you think of the story？ 你认为这个故事怎么样？
—It's very interesting. 它很有趣。
二.what用作关系代词，引导名词性从句，表示“the thing that...”【what】
1． 引导主语从句
What surprised me most was his way of speaking. （what 作从句的主语）
最让我吃惊的是他的说话方式。
What I’m afraid of is that they’ll take him to Boston. （what 作从句的宾语）
让我害怕的是他们要带他去波士顿。
『典型考例』
______ makes the shop different is that it offers more personal services. (2006 辽宁)
A. What B. Who
C. Whatever D. Whoever
[解析]答案A。此题考查what 引导的主语从句，且what 作从句的主语。句意：使该商店与众不同的是它提供私人服务。
2． 引导宾语从句
I can’t do what you ask me to do. （what 作从句中动词的宾语）
我不能做你要我做的事。
Our hometown is much different from what it was ten years ago. (what作句中介词的宾语) 我的家乡与十年前的大不一样了。
『典型考例』
—What did your parents think about your decision?
—They always let me do ______ I think I should.
(2006全国卷II)
A. when B. that
C. how D. what
[解析]答案D。此题考查what引导的宾语从句，作动词的宾语，且what在宾语从句中作宾语。
3． 引导表语从句
She is no longer what she used to be. （what作从句的表语）
她不再是以前的她了。
『典型考例』
See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning. （2006全国卷I）
A. when B. which
C. where D. what
[解析]答案D。此题考查what引导的表语从句，what在从句中作宾语。
Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer ______ it was 20 years ago, ______ it was so poorly equipped. （2005安徽）
A. what; when B. that; which
C. what; which D. which; that
[解析]答案A。第一个空考查what引导的表语从句，且what在从句中作表语，第二个空考查when引导的非限定性定语从句，when在从句中作时间状语。
4． 引导同位语从句
He has no idea what remarkable woman Maggie is. 他不知道玛吉是个多么出色的女人。 『典型考例』
Do you have any idea ______ is actually going on in the classroom? (2005辽宁)
A. that B. what
C. as D. which
[解析]答案B。此题考查what引导的同位语从句，且what 在从句中作主语。
三、 what用作关系形容词，意为：“所……的全部，任何的”，与little, few连用时，其含义多为“虽然少，但把所有的都……”。
Don’t worry. I’ll give you what help (any help that / as much help as) I can. 不要担忧，我一定
尽我所能帮你。
What little he said on the subject was full of wis?鄄dom. 他对这个问题的寥寥数语充满了智慧。
What few friends I have here have been very kind to me. 这里我仅有的几个朋友都对我很好。
四、 what用作疑问形容词，引导感叹句，此时注意和how 引导的感叹句的区别，其固定句式为：what + adj. + n. + 主语 ＋谓语 / how + adj. / adv. + 主语 ＋ 谓语。
What fine weather we are having today! 今天天气多好啊！
What a pity you can’t go! 真遗憾你不能去！
You can’t imagine how surprised I was! 你想象不出来我当时有多吃惊！
『典型考例』
I was surprised by her words, which made me recog?鄄nize ______ silly mistakes I had made. (2005湖南)
A. what B. that
C. how D. which
[解析]答案A。此题考查what 引导的感叹句，符合感叹句的构成句式，what 引导的感叹句在句中作recog?鄄nize的宾语。
______ role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar. (2002上海春招)
A. How interesting B. How an interesting
C. What interesting D. What an interesting
[解析]答案D。因为play a role in...为一固定搭配，故选D。
五、 what用于表示比喻的一个特殊结构：A is to B what C is to D 意为“A对于B犹如C对于D一样”，A和B是主体， C和D是喻体。
Parks are to the city what lungs are to the body. 公园对于都市犹如肺对于人体。
Virtue is to the soul what health is to the body. 美德对于心灵犹如健康对于身体。
六、 what 构成惯用插入语，其句型是：what is /was + adj. 的比较级，此结构中的what 泛指下文所讲的话，意为“而且，更……，尤为甚者”。
He is handsome, and what is more, very rich. 他人长的美，而且很富有。
Tom said nothing, and what is worse, laughed at us. 汤姆啥也没说，尤为甚者他还嘲笑我们。 由what构成的用作固定形式的惯用插入语常用的有：
What is better, what is more (important / interest?鄄ing...), what is news to sb., what is best of all, what we call, what is called.
七、 what 的强调形式为whatever, 相当于any?鄄thing that，意为“什么都，任何……的事或物”。 Take whatever magazine you want to read. 你可以取阅任何你想读的杂志。
Whatever reasons you may have, you should carry out a promise.无论你有什么理由，你都应当遵守诺言。
『典型考例』
The poor young man is ready to accept ______ help he can get. (2005全国卷II)
A. whichever B. however
C. whatever D. whenever【what】
[解析]答案C。此题考查whatever引导的从句作ac?鄄cept 的宾语。
The old tower must be saved, ______ the cost.
(2005浙江)
A. however B. whatever
C. whichever D. wherever
[解析]答案B。此题考查whatever引导的让步状语从句，此处为省略句，whatever the cost is。
八、 what构成的固定搭配。
1. What for? 为何？为什么？ —I’ll go to Brazil next month. —我下个月去巴西。 —What for? —为什么？ 2. So what? 那又怎样？ —Maybe he got angry. —也许他生气了。 —So what? I don’t like him at all. —那又怎样？我一点儿也不喜欢他。 3. What about...? 干……如何？怎么样？ What about going out for a drink? 出去喝点东西如何？ 4. What if / though? 如果……怎么办？即使……又有什么关系？ What if aliens should invade the earth? 如果外星人侵略地球该怎么办？ What if he gets angry? 即使他生气了又有什么关系？ 5. What do you think of ...?
what(二)
what用法
高频考点What用法专练
一、 引导主语从句
1) What we need is more time.(what做need的宾语)我们所需要的是更多的间。
2) What really matters is that she wore a pair of white shoes.
(what做matters的主语)真正麻烦的是她穿了一双白鞋。
二、引导宾语从句
1) People were perhaps more honest a long time ago when life was very different from what it is today.
2) People have heard what the President has said; they are waiting to see what he will do.
三、引导表语从句
1) Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just what worries the public.
2) That is what I want to tell you.(what做从句中的宾语)那就是我想告诉你的事儿。
3) The little girl is no longer what she used to be.
四、引导同位语从句
1) They have no idea at all what he is working on.
2) You have no idea what I suffered.(what做从句的宾语)你不知道我所遭受的痛苦.通过以上例句及解释我们可以得出：what常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“什么”，“所„的”，“„的样子”等；二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定做成分，而且常做主语，宾语或表语。
五、请背诵下列个句子，提高英语语感：
1. What interesting news!
2. She wore, what was common at that time, a red shirt.
3. Jackie made us all annoyed; what was worse, he ruined all our plans.
4. He is an interesting speaker, and what is more important, he knows his subject thoroughly.
5. In 1492, Columbus discovered what is now called America.
6. I spent what seemed to be a long time on maths, but I almost got nowhere.
7. Air is to humans what water is to the fish.
8. Tom loved reading. He spent what little money he had on books every week.
9. What family and friends I still have live abroad.
10. What John did last night was to prepare a long report.
11. Many things now cost double what they did a few years ago.
12. No matter what they call us, however they attack,
no matter where they take us, we'll find our own way back（歌词）
练习：
1.The word media basically refers to _______ we commonly call newspapers，magazines，radios and televisions. A. which B. what C. why D. how
2. It’s well understood _____ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out of the atmosphere today. A. that B .what C. how D. whether
3. The small mountain village ____ we spent our holiday last month lies in _____is now part of Hubei. A. which; where B. where; what C. that; which D. when; which
4.Why is Li Ming so late？I don’t know ______.
A. can what the reason be B. what the reason can be
C. the reason what can be D. what can the reason be 答案： B B B B
what(三)
what的用法
从一道高考题看what和that引导名词性从句时的差别
1998年全国高考上海英语试题中有这样一道考题：
_____caused the accident is still a complite mystery.
A.What B.That C.How D.Where
该题的正确答案是A。很显然，本题是为了考查学生是否掌握了what与that的实际含义及引导名词性从句时的用法差异而设定的。那what和that在引导名词性从句时究竟有怎样的差别呢？【what】
一、what
当what用作连接代词，引导名词性从句时，可引导主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句（不可引导同位语从句）；它本身在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。
1.what 表示“所以„„的（事）”的意思，相当于“the thing(s) that„；all that„；that which„；everything that„；等。例如：
1)Leave it with me and I'll see what I can do.
(what引导宾语从句并作do的宾语)
2)What you have done might do harm to other people.
(what引导主语从句并在从句中作宾语)
3)What he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
(what引导主语从句并在从句中作宾语)
4)What is most important in life isn't money.
(what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语)
5)But wait till you see what we'll make for you to your own measure.
(what引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语)
6)What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world.
(what引导主语从句并在从句中作宾语)
2.What 表示“所„„的(人)”意思，相当于“the person that„”等。例如：
1)He is not what he used to be.他已不是从前的他了。
(what引导表语从句并在从句中作表语)
2)She is no longer what she was five years ago.
(what引导表语从句并在从句中作表语)
二、that
当that用作连接词，引导名词性从句时，可引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句，that
在从句中既不充当任何成分，也无实际意义，仅起着连接句子的作用。一般不可省略（宾语从句除外）。
若从句置于句子后面，代词it作形式主语。例如：
1)It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.
(that引导主语从句)
2)It is a fact that Chinese is accepted as an international language.
(that引导主语从句)
3)Can you believe (that)in such a rich country there should be so
many poor people?
(that引导宾语从句)
4)Tom felt that he knew everybody's business better than they knew it
themselves.
(that引导宾语从句)
5)We heard the news that our team had won.
(that引导同位语从句)
6)Another problem is that good soil is gradually lost.
(that引导表语从句)
7)But the truth is that everyone should take care of disabled people,not just the government. (that引导表语从句)
what(四)
What They Say
“The workers from some food processing plants never eat what they produce. Nor do farmers � because they know what goes into their products. We need a network of food tasters to guarantee quality.” Guangdong entrepreneur zhou Yifeng on China’s poor food standards.
“Many remote villages have seen none of the benefits of reform � access to education and medical services remain the same as ever. So where have the benefits gone？”
Shu Hongbing， an academician with the Chinese Academy of Sciences， on China’s benefit gap.
“[In some provinces]， those who have violated family planning regulations are fined much more than those who deliberately contribute to pollution. We need to get our priorities straight.”
Wang Xiaokang， president of the China Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Group， on an appropriate response to China’s growing pollution problem.
“Since we can’t predict earthquakes， exactly what function do our seismological bureaus serve？”
Lawyer zhu Lieyu arguing that China’s controversial seismological bureaus are wasting public money.
“In some respects， China has only one university， the University of the Ministry of Education. All other universities are franchises.”
Vice-president of the Beijing-based China University of Mining and Technology Jiang Yaodong mocking government intervention in academia.
“Many officials hold back unpleasant information in the name of social stability. I believe only truth can create a stable society.”
Former chairman of the China Banking Regulatory Commission Liu Mingkang on the Chinese government’s credibility crisis.
“Western democracy is at a low ebb. A higher form will be born [in China]， as we stay closer to the people by electing our leaders level-by-level.”
Fu Chengyu， president of petrochemical giant SInOPEC， causing public uproar with remarks about Chinese“democracy.”
“Reform is pointless unless it breaks up the old special interest groups. In other words， what we need is more a ‘revolution’ against these groups.”
Peking University professor Li Yining assigning blame for stalled reform progress.
“A ‘no-bribes’ agreement between doctors and patients is ridiculous. Doctors have to bribe their way into their profession � how can you expect them to refuse bribes once they’re qualified？”
Huang Jiefu， vice minister of health， bemoaning the culture of bribery in the healthcare system.
本文来源：http://www.zhuodaoren.com/shenghuo430988/
推荐访问:what的用法 where